What is an Abandonware.

When the development of a software is abandoned by the Author and for whom no support is available, it is referred to as Abandoware. Abandonware could also include software whose copyright is unclear or in dispute.


What is a Nagware.

This is a program that routinely issues a reminder to a user to purchase an application or by a product before its trial period gets expired. The term derives its name from the idea that reminders, commonly referred as NAGS keep on appearing on a user computer screen until he activates the desired application or quits it forcefully.


What is an Adware.

Adware, better known as advertising software is software that automatically renders advertisements. Most of these advertisements appear in the form of pop-ups.


What is a Shareware.

Shareware is demonstration software that is distributed for free but for a specific evaluation period only. After the evaluation period the program gets expired and a user can no longer access the program.


What is an Open Source software.

The concept of open-source program relies on the fact that a user can review a source-code for eliminating possible bugs in it. This is something that we do not observe in commercially developed and packaged programs.


What is a Free software.

Free software should not be confused with Freeware, it means a user can freely use, modify, and distribute a program stipulated to one condition: any redistributed version of the software must be distributed with the original terms of free use, modification, and distribution (known as copyleft). And unlike freeware, free software may be distributed for a fee.


What is a Donationware.

Software distributed to users with a regular reminder or request to make a donation to the author or to some third-party such as a charity.


What is a Crippleware.

Some software are offered as freeware but with very limited features or with the major feature missing.


What is a Freeware.

Freeware is software that is distributed without demanding a fee for its usage. These programs are available either as fully functional software for an unlimited period.


What is the difference between Process and Service?

A process is any piece of software that is running on a computer. It is an instance of a particular executable running. A given application may have several processes running simultaneously. Some processes are services that publish methods to access them, so other programs can call them as needed. A service is a process which runs in the background and does not interact with the desktop.


What is difference between Domain and workgroup.

Computers on a network can be part of a workgroup or a domain. The main difference between workgroups and domains is how resources on the network are managed. Computers on home networks are usually part of a workgroup, and computers on workplace networks are usually part of a domain. Workgroup i. All computers are peers; no computer has control over another computer. ii. Each computer has a set of user accounts. iii. To use any computer in the workgroup, you must have an account on that computer. iv. There are typically no more than ten to twenty computers. v. All computers must be on the same local network or subnet. Domain i. One or more computers are servers. Network administrators use servers to control the security and permissions for all computers on the domain. This makes it easy to make changes because the changes are automatically made to all computers. ii. If you have a user account on the domain, you can log on to any computer on the domain without needing an account on that computer. iii. There can be hundreds or thousands of computers. iv. The computers can be on different local networks.


What is DHCP?

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a network application protocol used by devices (DHCP clients) to obtain configuration information for operation in an Internet Protocol network. This protocol reduces system administration workload, allowing devices to be added to the network with little or no manual intervention. DHCP server may have three methods of allocating IP-addresses: 1. Dynamic allocation 2. Automatic allocation 3. Static allocation


What is virtual LAN(VLAN)?

A virtual LAN, commonly known as a VLAN, is a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that communicate as if they were attached to the Broadcast domain, regardless of their physical location. A VLAN has the same attributes as a physical LAN, but it allows for end stations to be grouped together even if they are not located on the same network switch. Network reconfiguration can be done through software instead of physically relocating devices. VLAN are created to provide the segmentation services traditionally provided by routers in LAN configurations. VLAN address issues such as scalability, security, and network management. Routers in VLAN topologies provide broadcast filtering, security, address summarization, and traffic flow management. By definition, switches may not bridge IP traffic between VLAN as it would violate the integrity of the VLAN broadcast domain.


What is subnet mask?

It describes network computers and devices that have a common, designated IP address routing prefix. Subnetting is used to break the network into smaller more efficient subnets to prevent excessive rates of Ethernet packet collision in a large network. Routers are used to manage traffic and constitute borders between subnets. In IPv4 networks, the routing prefix is often expressed as a subnet mask, which is a bit mask covering the number of bits used in the prefix. An IPv4 subnet mask is frequently expressed in quad-dotted decimal representation, e.g., 255.255.255.0 is the subnet mask for the 192.168.1.0 network with a 24-bit routing prefix (192.168.1.0/24).